LTE - Interworking with WiFi

• Reasoning & Necessity of Interworking
  
  • Operator's Perspective at a Glance
    
  • Parties involved and their primary Interests
    
    • End User, UE Vendor
      
  • Geographical View
    
    • Nomadic vs. Mobile Users, Real-time vs non-real time Services
      
• Network Architecture Issues
  
  • Coupling Options
    
    • Loose Coupling, Tight Coupling
      
  • Necessity of Anchoring
    
    • Overview, Positioning of the Anchor
      
• The Perspective of the UE
  • User Interface and Network Selection
  • Seamless Mobility Options and their Characteristics
    
    • Intra-RAT Mobility, Inter-RAT Mobility (w/o Optimizations), Inter-RAT Mobility (with Optimizations)

Implementation Options of Interworking

• Implementation of WiFi as I-WLAN
  
  • Interconnection Options for Alternative RAT’s (R6/7)
    
  • Details of I-WLAN Direct IP-Access
    
    • Network Architecture
      
  • Attachment and Operation
    
  • Details of I-WLAN 3GPP IP-Access
    
    • Network Architecture, Protocol Stack, Attachment and Operation, I-WLAN Operation from the User’s Perspective
      
• Security Procedures in case of alternative RAT’s
  
  • The EAP-SIM Procedure
    
  • The EAP-AKA Procedure
    
  • IKEv2
    
    • The IKEv2-Procedure (Example: GAN/UMAN)
      
• Overview GAN/UMAN
  
  • Network Architecture
    
  • Protocol Stacks
    
    • Circuit-Switched Control Plane, Circuit-Switched User Plane
      
  • Network Architecture in case of VOLGA
    
• WISPr
  
  • Important Facts of WISPr
    
  • WISPr Logon Procedure
    
  • The Welcome and Logon Screens
    
  • Difficulty of WISPr with respect to Support of the UE
    
• Implementation of WiFi as non-trusted Non-3GPP Access Network
  
  • Evolved Packet Core in Context
    
    • EPC vs. EPS, Non-3GPP Access Networks (trusted / non-trusted)
      
  • Related Network Architecture
    
  • Signaling Procedures if IKEv2 and PMIPv6 are used
    
  • Signaling Procedures if IKEv2 and DSMIPv6 are used
    
• Implementation of WiFi as another IP-CAN in the IMS-Context
  
  • Network Architecture
    
  • Operation: Network Attachment
    
  • Operation: IMS-Registration

Inside WiFi

• The IEEE 802.11 Alphabet
  
  • IEEE 802.11-1999, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11e, IEEE 802.11i, IEEE 802.11n
    
• The Physical Resource
  
  • The ISM Band in 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz
    
  • Channel Numbers and Allocation / 2.4 GHz
    
  • Channel Numbers and Allocation / 5 GHz
    
• Network Architecture
  
  • Infrastructure Mode, Ad-hoc Mode
    
• Protocol Stack of IEEE 802.11 in Context
  
  • PDU-Types in the Protocol Stack, MSDU, MPDU, PPDU
    
  • Example of an IEEE 802.11 MPDU
    
• Operation of IEEE 802.11
  
  • CSMA/CA - Resource Sharing and Network Access
    
    • Principle Operation, Behavior in case of Collisions, Format and Content of the PLCP-PDU, Physical vs. Virtual Carrier Sensing, Physical Carrier Sensing, Virtual Carrier Sensing, Network Allocation Vector
      
  • The Different MAC-Access Coordination Functions
    
    • Overview, Distributed Coordination Function / Example Operation, SIFS-, Slot- and CW-Values for different PHY's, DCF with RTS/CTS-Enhancement, Point Coordination Function (PCF), Indication of an AP whether PCF is supported, Indication whether the AP supports 802.11e QoS, Enhanced Distributed Channel Access (EDCA), Parameterization of QoS-Settings, Calculating CW(min) / CW(max) from ECWmin and ECWmax, HCF Controlled Channel Access (HCCA), Example of a QoS-Data+CF-Ack+CF-Poll-Frame
      
• Security Technologies for IEEE 802.11
  
  • Overview
    
    • Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP), WiFi Protected Access (WPA and WPA2), Virtual Private Networking (VPN)
      
  • EAP and PSK: How to Create the Key Material
    
    • Master Keys (PSK, MK, PMK), Pairwise Transient Key (PTK), KCK, KEK and TK
      
  • Pre - RSNA Procedures
    
    • Open System Authentication, Shared Key Authentication, Authentication challenge, The “Wired Equivalent Privacy” Procedure
      
  • RSNA Procedures
    
    • RSNA Policy Selection, Probe Response frames and Beacon frames, Open System authentication, Association
      
  • Advanced Authentication
    
    • Network Overview: Supplicant, Authenticator, Authentication Server, Redirection, Uncontrolled port, Controlled port, Session Phase 1: Probing & Association, Beacon frames, Exchange of Probe Request and Probe Response Frames, Open System authentication, Association, Session Phase 2: EAP Authentication, EAPOL start, EAPOL identity exchange, EAPOL challenge, EAPOL success, Session Phase 3: EAPOL 4-Way Handshake, 1st EAPOL message, The 2nd EAPOL message, The 3rd EAPOL message, The 4th EAPOL message, Session Phase 4 & 5: Active Session & Disassociation
      
  • Power Saving Techniques in WiFi
    
  • Overview
    
    • Legacy Modes: APSD and TIM-based Power Save Mode, SM Power Save, PSMP (Power Save Multi Poll)
      
  • Case Study: Operation of PSMP
    
    • Format and Content of the PSMP-Frame

TInterworking Issues within the Physical Layer

• The Perspective of the UE
  
  • Constraints
    
    • Multiple Radio Issue, Measurements, Supported / Preferred Handover Types
      
  • Handover Types: Make before Break vs. Break before Make
    
  • Physical and Time Behavior during Network Transition
    
    • Case 1: Preferred Network fades away, Case 2: Preferred Network becomes available
      
  • Support though the ANDSF
    
    • Problem Description, Interworking with the ANDSF
      
  • The Connection Manager
    
• The Perspective of the Network Operator
  
  • Constraints
    
    • Variety of Implementation Choices, Quality of Service, Competition from UE Manufacturers, Mobility Support through the EPC, Related Network Architecture, Signaling Procedure (NBM / PMIPv6 on S2b)